Sectional steam-boiler



(No Model.) 4 Sheefis-Sheet 2..

A..WORTHINGTON.

SEOTIONAL STEAM'BOILER. No. 330,359. Patented Nov. 10, 1885!! claf'orngiN. Packs. PhoXwLiihognphnr. Wnihington. D. c.

4--Sheets Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

A. WORTHINGTON. SEGTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

Patented Nov. 10, 1885i .Zztenibr:

Wang-sides N, PETERS, Phoku-Uthographar, wmm m v.0

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4..

A. WORTHINGTON. SEGTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

No. 330,359. Patented Nov. 10, 1885.

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N. PETERS, PhoIo-lllhugrnpher, Washmglon. Uv C.

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AMASA WORTHINGTQN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SECTlONALSTEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,359, dated November10, 1885.

Application filed January 80, 1885. Serial No. 154,412. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- i

Be it known that I, AMASA WVoRTnrNGroN, of Chicago, in the county ofCook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and use fulImprovementsin Sectional Steam-Boilers, of which the following is adescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure l is a side elevation of said boiler. Fig. 2 is a rear elevationof the same. Fig-'3 is a perspective view of my improved reen forcingjacket with a tube formed therein, Fig. 4 is a plan view of thesame,showing said pipe or tube partially formed therein. Fig. 5 is anend view showing a cap for inclosing the same. Fig. 6 is a centraltransverse vertical sectional view thereof. Fig.7 isa central horizontalsectional view in plan of said jacket with said tube formed therein.Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the same, withportions of the connecting-pipes. Fig. 9 illustrates a modificationthereof, being one of the main pipes or tubes formed in. like manner,with re-enforcing rings in lieu of said complete jacket. Fig. 10 is adetail View. showing a portion of said ring and tube in section. Fig. 11is a sectional view in detail showing a modification of the constructionindicated in Fig. 8, and Fig. 12 is a detail view of the same in plan.

Like letters of reference indicatelike in the different figures.

The object of my invention is primarily to provide a sectional boiler inwhich shall be combined lightness, simplicity, strength, and elasticity,whereby the respective parts may accommodate themselves to the varyingex pansion and contraction of the tubes and connecting parts peculiar tothat class of boilers without inj nry to the joints and the productionof leakage thereat. A further object is to so construct said boiler thatthe greatest freedom of circulation may be maintained directly withthose tubes in which the largest amount of evaporation is produced, thusobviating the danger of overheating said pipes, while priming isprevented by reason of the more steady and even circulation, which isthereby maintained.

Heretofore in boilers of this class castings of various forms termedheader-s have been used to form the connections of the main tubes witheach other. These headers, owing to the unequal and varying expansionand contrac tion of the main tubes, caused by the uneven distribution ofheat, are necessarily made of great weight in order to obtain therequisite strength; but in addition to the extra cost and extreme weightthus added to the boiler the very rigidity thus produced is anobjection,

in that while the header itself may not break the connection therewithsoon becomes so impared as to cause leakage. Moreover, the headersthemselves cannot be relied upon in point of strength, but are oftenbroken. A further objection is that several, if not all, the tubes areconnected to one header, thus rendering it impossible to transport theparts separately. These objections and that of imperfect circulationabove referred to I overcome in the following manner:

First. I preferably surround the main tubes at the ends withstrengthening-jackets, and cause perforations to be made in the bottomand top of said tubes, respectively, at either end, said perforationsbeing so formed as to enable said tubes to be formed or drawn to conformto the interior of said jacket, and at the same time to receive the endsof the connecting'pipesnvhich may be expanded therein,

the ends of said main tubes being closed by meansof detachable plates orcaps, as herein parts after described. This arrangement enables me todispense with the usual headers, and to form a complete series ofpipe-connections, or what might be regarded as one continuous pipe, byinserting the connecting-pipes within the main tubes after forming thelatter as above mentioned for such connection; and, moreover, theconnections with each tube being separate, the tubes may be transportedseparately, which is often a great advantage.

Second. Instead of connecting the main steam and water drum with the topof the rear end of the main tubes by means of a series of small pipes, Iconnect said steam and water drum directly with the mud-drum by means oftwo large pipes extending down upon either side of said boiler, andconnecting with the respective ends of the mud-drum, thus serving ascolumns or supports for the steam and water drum, while at the same timethey permit an unrestricted flow of water directly from the source ofsupply to the hottest tubes, where it is most needed, all of which willbe hereinafter more particularly described, and definitely pointed outin the claims.

In the drawings, A represents the casing or 5 brick -.work surroundingthe boiler in the usual way, while A A are iron doors or removablepanels secured to the front and rear thereof to give access to the endsof the tubes.

B is the bridge wall-of the furnace,G the i grate, and D thefurnace-door.

E represents the main tubes of the boiler, which are inclined in theusual way, the upper ends being supported upon a ledge-in the 3 and 4,)which may be constructed of steel or malleable iron, and is providedwith openings at the bottom and top to receive the connect-- 0 ing-pipestherein in addition to the thickness of metal of the main tube, which ispressed or formed around and within said opening. Flanges or rings h hare formed around each of the openings in said jacket, which serve tosupport or re-enforce the connecting-joint, as

- hereinafter shown. After placing said jacket H in position asindic.ited,oblong or elliptical perforations are made in the pipe Ethrough the openings in said jacket, as indicated partpo ly in full andpartly in dotted line, in Fig. 4,

said opening being so formed that upon drawing up that portion of saidtube E to conform to the inner surface of said jacket, the edges of thepipe-opening so made may be even with 5 the outer or flat surface of theopening in saidv I jacket. This can be accurately determined only byactual test, as much depends upon the thickness of the metal and theextent to which the same is drawn. The contour of said opening may beassumed to be about as shown'at c, Fig. 4, which shows'one half .of anellipse,

the remainder being indicated in dotted lines. he part shown at 6indicates the perforation in'the tube E before being drawn, while 6,

shows a part of the'same pressed or formed against the wall of thejacket. Figs. 3, 5-, and, 6 illustrate the interior of said neck or part6,

as it appears when fully drawnup and formed.

This molding or conformation of the pipe E 6o attaches the jacket Hfirmly thereto and prevents the latter from moving in any direction.-Afterexpanding or formingthose portions above mentioned of the tubes Einto saidjack ets" H, I connect said tubes E by meansiofshort 5 sectionsor nipples I, of smaller pipe, which are preferably inserted a shortdistance within the parts 0, as clearly shown in Figs. 5, 6, and.

Midway between the ends.

8, when they may be expanded infposition by means of a mandrel, thusforming a complete series of connections of the pipes themselves withoutany other medium, said jackets serving merely as a re-enforcement to theparts 6 ,WhiCl1 are rendered somewhat thinner by being so drawn, as wellas a support to expand said metal against, while at the same time saidjacket may be utilized in a simple manner for securing the cap over theend of the tube, which is accomplished as follows:

Lateral openings 71, h (better shown in Figs. .3, 4t, and 6) are made insaid jackets, upon opposite sides of which, as best illustrated in Figs.3 and 4, are formed lugs 71. h h h, which serve as abutments orshoulders for the lugs jj ofa crab or clamp,-J, Figs. 5, 7, and 8, to

dotted. lines in Fig. 8, and moved laterally,

the lugsj j being passed beneath the lugs h h' until the set-screw is inline with the tube E,

when, upon being screwed up, it passes into a suitable depression in thecap K and holds the latter securely against the end of said tube.

As a modification in the constructionof said jacket, the rim h maybeprovided with. an .inner: projecting flange, 71?, Figs. 11 and '12, ofeven thickness with the part 6', so'that the latter, instead of beingpressed outwardly, so

as to be flush with the outer surface of said .rim, may be made shorter,the pipe I,Fig'. 11, having its main bearing-surface against the flangeh I do not confine myself to theuse of" the jacketH, as above described,as the samemay .be'dispensed with without altering the contour of thetubes E at their connecting-points, .Such a construction is'shown inFigs. 9'and 10, in which the pipe E is first perforated as above setforth, after which a re-enforcing ring, h, may be placed over thenecke,'which is first formed in a suitable die, when" the expansionofthe nipple within said neck firmly .fixes, the ring in place, said ringbeing the equivalentof the flange h shownin the'other :figures. ,In'thisconstruction lugs 'h 'h may be riveted upon-the pipe'E in lieuof those.formed, upon the jacket, or portions'of said pipe may be pressedinwardly to form abut- .ments for engaging the lugs-of the crab J.

.After connecting the tubes E with the pipes I at their respective ends,the upper ends of the latter, at the'front of the boiler, are united:in' like manner to a large horizontal cross pipe or drum, ,L,-'Fig.' 1,which in turn isconnected with the steam and water drum 'M by a seriesof long horizontal pipes, N, thereby furnishing alargeseparating-surface"before reaching .the drum M, and thus producing drysteam at the latter point, said pipes N being intended to form thewater-line of said boiler, and having a water-gage, 0, Fig. 7, connectedwith the pipe L to indicate the the height of water in said tubes. Thesteam and water drum M is in turn connected with the mud-drum F, Figs. 1and 2, by means of two large pipes, Q Q, one of which is shown in saidlast-named figures,which form columns for the support of the former.

Each of the larger pipes or drums L, M, and F is provided with suitablehand-holes, Z m f, respectively, Fig. 1, to give access thereto. Afeed-pipe, R, is placed in the drum M, while an opening, S, is providedin the drum F for blowing off the steam.

It is obvious that by interposing the large pipes Q Q between the drumsM and F the water is more freely supplied to the lower tubes whichperform the greater service, than if connected directly with the topservice of tubes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A water-tube boiler in which the main and connecting pipes aredirectly united by 25 means of necks formed upon the respective ends ofthe former into which the connectingpipes are expanded, said necks beingsurrounded by re'enforcing jackets, substantially as described, and forthe purposes specified. o

2. The combination,with the tubes E,having necks or flanges 6 formedthereon, of the connecting-pipes I, jackets H, and caps K, with meansfor detachably securing the latter to the ends of said tubes,substantially as and 3 5 for the purposes specified.

3. In combination with the main pipes of a water-tube boiler, thejackets H, constructed substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

AMASA woRTHINeToN.

NVitnesses SAML. R. BULLocK, FRANCIS S. CARPENTER.

